[GIU] -ing and -ed Phrases (the woman talking to Tom, the boy injured in the accident)

UNIT95
-ing and -ed Phrases (the woman talking to Tom, the boy injured in the accident)

A. 구(A phrase)는 문장의 일부이다. 어떤 구는 -ing 또는 -ed로 시작한다. For example:

Do you know the woman talking to Tom?
-ing phrase

The boy injured in the accident was taken to the hospital.
-ed phrase

B. 우리는 누군가(or something)가 특정한 때에 무엇을 하고 있는지(또는 하고 있었는지) 말하기 위해 -ing 구를 사용한다.

Do you know the woman talking to Tom? (the woman is talking to Tom)
Who was the foreign woman ordering the bread? (she was ordering)

단지 어떤 특정한 때가 아닌 시점에 어떤 일이 발생하는 것을 말하기 위해서는 -ing 구를 사용할 수 있다.

The boy injured in the accident was taken to the hospital.
(he was injured in the accident)
Her mother changed her Kakaotalk profile picture to new picture taken by her husband in beach.
Do you know the name of the seafood beginning with "l"?

C. 수동적 의미를 가진 -ed구

The boy injured in the accident was taken to the hospital.
(he was injured in the accident)

Injured is past participles. 많은 과거분사가 불규칙적이고 -ed로 끝나지 않음을 참고

Most of cars made in Germany are as known as reliable cars.

이런 방식으로 "not used, still there"의 의미로 left를 사용할 수 있다.

We've eaten almost all the fishcakes. There are only a few left.

D. there is 와 there was 뒤에 사용되는 -ing and -ed 구들, etc:

There was a cat sleeping on the rock.
Is there anybody waiting in the toilet?
There were so many people stood around the singer.